Hydraulic forging press



Aug. 17, 1943. H, LORANT 2.327417 HYDRAULI C FORG ING PRES S Filed March 21, 1942 5 Sh e'ets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

' HUGO BY r 4 TTOENEVS Aug. 17, 1943. H. LORANT HYDRAULIC FORGING PRESS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 21, 1942 INVENTOR. H06 0 L 0% ATTOQNEYS Aug. 17, 1943. H. LORANT HYDRAULIC FORGING PRESS Filed March 21, 1942 5 Sheets- Sheet 5 INVENTOR- HUGO LO/PANT A TTOQNEYS Aug. 17, 1943. H. LORANT HYDRAULIC FORGING PRESS vFiled. March 21, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. HUGG LO ANT r: .m v

.4 7'7'OENEYS BY M H. LORANT HYDRAULI C FORG ING PRES S Filed March 21 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 H060 Lam/v w/ENTOR A rroxeA/Evs v Aug, 17 fiMEL operation.

Patented Au 17, 1.943

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HYDRAULIC rename mass s Hugo Lorant. New York, N. -Y., assignor to The Loewy Engineering Company Limited, London, England, a corporation of Great Britain Application March 21, 1942, Serial No. 435,739

Claims.

of description, 'such an embodiment will be more particularly described to illustrate the principles of. the invention. It will be understood, however, that the descriptionvof the particular embodiment is illustrative merely and is not intended as defining the limits of the invention.

The press described herein comprises a bed which is ordinarily mounted on a rigid masonry support with at least one work clamping die mounted thereon and, above the die, a vertically operating ram with a forging tool carried thereby. The press is shown as operating verticallybut it will be understood that it is in no sense essential that it should operate in this position. The work clamping die is madeof separable parts, one or more of which is movable laterally to open the die for insertion of a blank to be operated upon and for removal of the forged part after The press is shown and described as operating upon a propeller blade to form a securingfiange on its inner end,- and the work holding die is shown as receiving and clamping only a portion of the propeller blade sufllcient to insure a firm rasp thereon while the remainder of the blade projects downwardly through the carriage and bed of the press below the die. The high pressure applied in operationtends to open the die. To overcome this tendency and to prevent any possible separation of the die parts. aretaining holder is applied to the die during the forging operation to clamp the die parts securely to- -forging securing flanges on the inner ends'of aircraft propeller blades and, for the convenience gether. The holder is shown as in the form of be better understood from a description of the press shown in the accompanying drawings formingaparthereoiandinwhichz'. I;

Figure 1 is a view in front elevation of a. hydraulic press embodying the principles of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in side elevation of the press as viewed from the left of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line H of Fig. the arrows;

Fig. 4 is a central sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3 showing the ram in elevated position ready for operation and a blank pro- Peller blade held in the die;

Fig. 5 is a central vertical sectional view taken on the line 5-5 showing the position of the parts of the press at the termination of a forging operation with a propeller blade held in the die Fig. 6 is a sectional detail view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3 showing the die open and a propeller blade therein about to be removed;

Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 6 showing the die open;

:Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view on an enlarged scaleof the die opening mechanism taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. I; Fig. 9 is a plan view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 8.

5, 5, each of which can be brought to operative position centrally of the press or to a reloadin position at one side or the other of the press. A fixed cross-head 6, supported at the top of the press on columns I, is formed with a vertical ram cylinder 8, centrally above the working position of the dies 5 on the carriage 3. A platen or crosshead I0 is movable vertically on the columns 1. A ram or plunger Ii, operating in the cylinder 8, is connected to the platen i0 and operates in move it downward by hydraulic pressure asvhydraulic liquid is forced into the cylinder 8. Cylinders l2, with plungers l3 operating therein at the front and back of the press, are connected to the bed I and the crosshead Iil to lift the cross-head after the operative working stroke. The clamping die 5 is shown as comprising fixed and movable parts l5, and I6, Fig. 6, which are securely held together by an encircling holder I 1 during the forging opera. tion.

The two-part die is formed to present an ex terior conical surface and the holder I1 is formed to present an interior conical surface which fits firmly the exterior'surface of the die. By this 1 looking in the direction of arrangement, when the holder is forced downward, it securely clamps the two parts of the die together-and, also, it centers the die relative to the forging tool. The holder I1 is carried in a sleeve l8 secured to and depending from the cross-head Ill. The movement of the holder l'l downward from the carrier sleeve I8 is limited by three bolts 20 extending loosely through the flange 2| of the sleeve l8 and threaded firmly into the flange 22 at the lower edge of the sleeve ll. In order to provide pressure downward on the holder I1, cylinders 23 are formed in the wall of the sleeve l3 and plungers 24, operating therein, are secured to the flange 22' of the holder. Fluid pressure in the cylinders 23 maintains sufficient pressure downward on the holder to maintain its holding function during the forging operation, even though the plungers 24 are of relatively small diameter. The inlet connection 25 to the cylinders may be connected by means of a flexible or walking pipe to the same source of fluid pressure which supplies the cylinder 8 for actuating the ram and cross-head downward for the forging operation. As the crosshead l moves downward, the pressure fluid can escape through the inlets 25 permitting the movement of the plungers 24 into the cylinders 23 while nevertheless maintaining the necessary pressure. A forging die or tool 26 is removably connected to the crosshead 10. As shown, the tool 25 is held by a bolt 21 centered in a holder 28.

The two work holding dies 5, arefmounted on similar castings 30, forming parts of the carriage 3, as best shown in Figs. 3, 5 and 6. Each casting 30 is provided with lower ways 3| and with upstanding and overhanging flanges 32 affording upper ways 33, between which upper and lower ways the fixed block 34, carrying the fixed section I5 of the die, is fixedly mounted and between which ways the movable block 35, carrying the movable section l6 '0: the die, is guided.

The position of the block 34 can be adjusted for accurate centering by means of the adjustin screws 35 extending through lugs in the castin 30 and adjusting screws 31 extending through the upstanding flanges 32. Rods 38 threaded into the fixed block 34 extend through and limit the movement of the movable block 35 and die section IS. The casting 30 is secured to the carriage 3 by bolts 39.

The die supporting carriage 3 is movable laterally along ways on the bed to two extreme positions. In one position, one die is in operative position beneath the cross-head Ill carrying the forging tool 26, and the other die is at the left hand side of the machine in position for removal of the forged part and for reloading with a part to be forged. When in the other extreme position, the other die is in operative forging position and the first die is at the right of the machine in reloading position.

Each casting 30 is formed with a hollow center substantially larger than the propeller blade or other work to be received therein whereby the work held securely in the die at its upper end for the forging operation extends downwardly through the space thus provided. The bedof' the machine is provided with an opening 40 extending beneath the center of the carriage 3 and dies 5 and extending alongv the bed of the machine in the direction of movement of the carriage 3 to provide a free space for the lower end of the propeller blade or other work-to move 9 through when the dies 5 are moved to loading or unloading position. By this arrangement, ample' clearness is provided for work which may extendi'a considerable distance below the clamping dies.

Suitable means',,such as hydraulic cylinders, not shown, having pistons 4| at either side of the machine arejtrovided for moving the carriage 3 back af d-i'orth.

The opening andyclosing of the dies in the reloading positions is accomplished by similar hydraulic power units, one of which is shown in detail in Figs. 8 and 9. The hydraulic cylinder 43 is mounted on a supporting bracket 44 secured to th'bed of the press. Within the cylinder is a double-acting plunger 45. Connections are provided between each plunger and the corresponding movable die section such that when either die moves to the unloading position, the movable. section thereof is automatically connected to the plunger of the power unit and when the die is moved fromthis position to the forging positi0n,-it is automatically disconnected. As shown in Fig. 8, a bolt 45 is secured in the movable die-block 35, to which the movable die section is secured, and this bolt is formed with a head 41' engageable with a socket 43 pivoted at 49 to a sliding block 50, which in turn is rigidly and adiustably secured to the plunger 45 by a threaded connection and lock nut 5|. when the die, and with it the bolt 45, moves to the reloading position, the bolt head 41 moves into the socket of the member 48 to provide an operative connection, and when the die moves from this position, the bolt head 41 is withdrawn from the socket. The pivoting of the socket member 48 makes possible the manual connection and disconnection of the bolt head 41 and socket member 48 by the simple swinging of the socket toward its connected operative position. The' member at will whenever this becomes desirable. A spring 52 pulls the socket member 43 normally pivotal arrangement of the socket member 44 also facilitates the making of the connection with the bolt head 41 in the event that the parts are not accurately positioned when the die moves;

into its reloading position.

In the operation of the relatively slow pressing movement of the tool, as compared with a quick hammer blow, gives time for a flow of the metal which causes the fibres of the metal to take a position to give maximum strength. The tool is formed as shown to provide a punching and spreading point to insure the desired flow of the metal.

The foregoing description is illustrative merely. Various modifications of the particular structure and arrangement may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as .defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A hydraulic forging press comprising a bed, a carriage on said bed, a hydraulic ram above and operable toward and from said bed, a split work clamping die mounted on said carriage, said carriage being: movable laterally of the press to bring the work clamping die to central position beneath and in alignment with said hydraulic ram and to reloading position on one side of said press, power operated means to move said carriage to central position beneath said hydraulic ram and to reloading position, clamping means connected to and dependent from the ram of'the together during the forging operation, and means 2,327,117 to open and close said die when-in reloading position,

2; A hydraulic forging press comprising a bed, a carriage on said bed; a hydraulic ram above and operable toward and from said bed, a split work clamping die mounted on said carriage,

said carriage beingmovable laterally of the press to bring the work clamping die to central position beneath and in alignment with said hydraulic ram and to reloading position on'one side of the press, a clamping means connected to and dependent from the ram of the press to surround and clamp the parts of the, die together during the forging operation, power Operated means for moving the die to and from the forging position and reloading position, and power operated means 7 for opening and closing the split die when in reloading position.

3. A hydraulic forging p'ress comprising a a carriage on said bed, a hydraulic ram above and operable toward and from said bed, a split work closing said die when in reloading position, comprising a. hydraulic power unit and an'operative head and socket connection between the movabledie part andsaid power unit, the elements ZOf said connection being positioned and arranged automatically to interengage when the carriage is moved to bring the die to reloading position andautomatically to disengage when the die is moved fromthat position.

7. A hydraulic forging press comprising a bed,

, for opening and closing said die when in reloadclamping die mounted on said-carriage, said carriage being movable laterally oi' the press to bring the work clamping die to central position beneath and in alignment with said hydraulic ram and to reloading position on one side of the press, a clamping means connected to and dependent from the ram of the press to surround and clamp the parts of the die together during the forging operation, power operated means for moving the die to and from the forging position and reloading position, power operated means for opening and closing the split die when in reloading position, and means for automatically connecting and disconnecting said power operated means for opening and closing the split die to the movable part of the split die when the die is moved to and from reloading position.

4. A hydraulic forging press comprising a bed, a carriage on said bed, a hydraulic ram above and operable toward and from said bed, a split work clamping die mounted on said carriage,-saidcarriage being movable laterally of the press to bring the work clamping die to central position beneath and in alignment with said hydraulic" a carriage on said'bed, a hydraulic ram above and operable toward and from said bed, a pair of split work clamping dies mounted on said carpress to bring either work clamping die to central position beneath andin alignment with said hydraulic ram and to bring the other die to reloading position on one side or the other of the press,1 said press being-open centrally beneath the carriage to provide clearance for work pieces held inthe work clamping dies and depending therefrom but below the level of the bed, and

power operated means for opening and closing either split die when in reloading position.

6. A hydraulic forging press comprising a bed, a hydraulic ram above and operable toward and from said bed, a carriage on said bed, a two-part clamping die comprising fixed and movable sections mounted on said carriage, said carriage being movable laterally of the press to bring the die to working position beneath said ram for the riage, said carriage being movable laterally of the mg position, comprising a hydraulic power unit and interengaging members connected-respectively to the movable die member and to the hydraulic power unit, one member being pivotally supported and spring pressed to engage the other member when the carriage and die ar moved to reloading position, said members being arranged to disconnect when the die is moved from reloadingposition.

8. A hydrauliciorging presscomprising a bed, a hydraulic ram above and operable toward and from said bed, a carriage on said bed, a two-part work clamping die comprising fixed and movable sections mounted onxsaid carriage, a die clamping means adapted to surround and clamp the die parts together during forging operations connected to and movable with said ram, said carriage being movable laterally of the press to bring the die to workingposition beneath said ram for the forging operation and movable laterally to reloading position at oneside of the press, means for opening and closing said die when in reloading position comprising a hydraulic power unit and interengaging members connected respectively to the movable die member and to the hydraulic power unit, one member being pivotally supported and spring pressed to engage the other member when the carriage and die are moved to reloading position, said members being arranged to disconnect when the die is moved from reloading position.

'9. A hydraulic forging press comprising a bed,

a hydraulic ram above and operable toward and from said bed, a vertically movable cross-head actuated by' said ram, a carriage on said bed, a

two-part work clamping die comprising fixed and movable sections'mounted on said carriage, presenting when closed anexterior truncated conical surface, a forming die carried by the cross-head and adaptedjto coact with the work clamping die, a guide sleeve rigidly secured to and depending from the cross-head, a die holder vertically movable in and guided by said guide sleeve in coaxial relation to said two-part die presenting interiorly a conical surface adapted to fit and clamp firmly together the partsoi said die and to center thedie with reference to the cross-head,

said carriage being movable laterally of the press to bring the die to working position beneath said ram for the forging operation and movable lat,-

erally to reloading, position at one side of the press, and means to move one part of the die at right angles to. the direction of movement of said carnagetoopenthedieinreloadlngposition. 1

10. A hydraulic forging press comprising a bed. a hydraulic ram above and operable toward and from said bed, a vertically movable cross-head actuated by said ram, a carriage on said bed, a two-part work clamping die comprising fixed and movable sections mounted on said carriage, presenting when closed an exterior truncated conical surface, a forming die carried by the cross-head and adapted to coact with the work clamping die, a. guide sleeve rigidly secured to and depending from the cross-head, a die holder vertically movable in and guided by said guide sleeve in coaxial relation to said two-part die presenting interiorly a conical surface adapted to fit and clamp firmly together the parts of said die and to center the die with reference to the cross-head, said carriage being movable laterally or the press to bring the die to working position beneath said ram for the forging operation and movable laterallyto reloading position at one side oi. the press, means for opening and closing said die when in reloading position comprising a hydraulic power unit and an operative head and socket connection between the movable die part and said power unit, the elements of said connection being positioned and arranged automatically to interengage when the carriage is moved to bring the die to reloading position and automatically to disengage when the die is moved from that position.

HUGO LORANT. 

